Is pneumonia contagious

INTRODUCTION

Hospital-acquired (or nosocomial) pneumonia (HAP) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality despite improved prevention, antimicrobial therapy, and supportive care [1].

The treatment of non-ventilator-associated HAP (nvHAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) will be reviewed here.

The diagnosis, epidemiology, pathogenesis, microbiology, risk factors, and prevention of nvHAP and VAP are discussed separately. (See "Clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation of ventilator-associated pneumonia" and "Epidemiology, pathogenesis, microbiology, and diagnosis of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults" and "Risk factors and prevention of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults".)

Treatment of respiratory infections in pregnant individuals is discussed separately.

(See "Approach to the pregnant patient with a respiratory infection", section on 'Treatment'.)

DEFINITIONS

Pneumonia types — Pneumonia is frequently categorized based on site of acquisition to help determine the risk of MDR pathogens (ta

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